According to my Steven Lindsey book and internet browsing, dogs are not colorblind. Early tests in the 20th century concluded that dogs may have the basic ability to discriminate color but merely reacted to the brightness factor.
Later research is showing that dogs are dichromatic and can discern colors in the blue-yellow spectrum but not the red-green one. In those cases, I’m guessing that the dogs are using “brightness” as a guide which laser light can certainly provide even though lasers are either red or green in color.
The eyes, set toward the front of the head, give a sharp and wide field of binocular vision which overlap of 40-60 degrees between the right and left eyes giving good depth perception which can vary based on the breed eye position. Since dogs lack full binocular vision their best depth perception is narrowed to what is directly in front of them. However depth perception can still be achieved by turning the head so that objects are moving at different speeds with regard to one another and so get an idea of relative distances and the depth between them. Other things that help is foreground and background contrasts, contour lines, size and scales of associated objects, linear, overlapping, and vertical location within the field of vision.
What I found most interesting is that dogs can be nearsighted or farsighted (just as in humans). One study found that 63% of the rotties and 53% of the GSDs tested were myopic or nearsighted.